5F指引导管在冠心病经桡动脉介入治疗中的应用
| 5F指引导管在冠心病经桡动脉介入治疗中的应用 |
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作者: 罗育坤 陈良龙 林朝贵 范林 董现锋 彭亚飞 郑行春 鄢晓平 作者单位:福建医科大学附属协和医院心内科,福建省冠心病研究所,福建 福州 350001;基金项目:福建省自然科学基金项目(编号:2006J0095) 【摘要】 目的:评价冠心病患者经桡动脉介入治疗中使用5F指引导管的可行性和安全性。方法:102例经桡动脉介入治疗的冠心病患者,按指引导管大小随机分为A组(6F指引导管,n=54)和B组(5F指引导管,n=48),比较两组的手术成功率、穿刺部位相关并发症及住院期间心血管不良事件发生率。结果:A组的穿刺部位并发症高于B组(P<0.01), 手术成功率及住院期间不良事件发生率两组无明显差别(P>0.05)。结论:5F指引导管在冠心病经桡动脉介入治疗中减少穿刺部位相关并发症,是安全可行的。 【关键词】 导管插入术;桡动脉 血管成形术 经腔 经皮冠状动脉 Use of 5 French guiding catheter for percutaneous coronary intervention LUO Yukun, CHEN Lianglong, LIN Chaogui, FAN Lin, DONG Xianfeng, PENG Yafei, ZHENG Xingchun, YAN Xiaoping Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Medicine,2009,18(6):524 Abstract:Objective:To explore the security and feasibility of 5F guiding catheter for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) by radial artery.Methods:A total of 102 patients underwent PCI by radial artery were randomly divided to group A (treated with 6F guiding catheter, n=54) and group B (treated with 5F guiding catheter, n=48) according to the size of guiding catheter.The success rate of operation, incidence of entry site complications and adverse cardiovascular events in hospital major were compared between the two groups.Results:Higher incidence of entry site complications was documented in A group when compared with B group (P<0.01), there were no differences in the success rate of operation and major adverse cardiovascular events in hospital(P>0.05).Conclusion:Percutaneous coronary intervention by radial artery with 5F guiding catheter reduces incidence of entry site complications, is safe and feasible. Key words:Catheterization; Radial artery;Angioplasty,transluminal,percutaneous coronary 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 1.2 手术方法 常规选择右前臂桡骨茎突近心端1cm处作为穿刺点,1%利多卡因局麻,选用日本TERUMO公司桡动脉穿刺包,随机置入5F或6F动脉鞘。置鞘后常规经鞘管给予硝酸甘油200μg预防桡动脉痉挛,同时常规应用肝素。选用TEROMO 5F Judkins型或TIG冠状动脉造影导管先后行冠状动脉造影。随机选用美国Medtronic公司AVE 5F ZUMA2或6F指引导管,按常规进行介入治疗手术。支架置入后无残余狭窄、TIMI血流正常、无夹层形成和其他并发症者视为PCI成功。术后均即刻拔出动脉鞘管,穿刺部位以弹力绷带压迫止血,2h松绑一次,次日解除包扎。 1.3 随访观察 本研究中我们观察手术成功率、局部穿刺并发症以及住院期间不良事件的发生率。 1.4 统计学处理 2 结 果 2.1 研究人群的一般临床情况 2.2 研究人群的手术一般情况 见表2。两组的介入治疗部位无明显差别。A组有1例因导管支撑不足而换用大号指引导管(7F),B组有2例因导管支撑不足换用大号指引导管(6F),1例因血管扭曲严重换用大号指引导管(6F)。两组分别有48.1%和52.1%患者行直接支架置入。A组有1例仅行球囊扩张术,B组所有患者均行支架置入。A组的手术成功率高于B组手术成功率,但无显著差异。表2 手术一般情况(略) 2.3 穿刺相关并发症发生情况 如表3所示。A组患者发生迷走反射1例,经阿托品和/或多巴胺处理后好转,B组没有发生迷走发射。A组有4例术后穿刺部位渗血需要重新包扎,而B组仅有1例因渗血需要重新包扎。A组有1例患者发生较严重的前臂血肿,经保守治疗后吸收,B组无前臂血肿发生。A组中有6例于拔除鞘管时感穿刺部位剧烈疼痛,B组病例拔鞘顺利,无明显疼痛发生。两组于住院期间均未发现桡动脉闭塞。综合所有发生并发症病例数,A组穿刺相关并发症发生率明显高于B组(P<0.01),见表3。 表3 穿刺相关并发症的发生情况(略) 2.4 住院期间不良事件发生率 【参考文献】 [2]Dahm JB, Vogelgesang D, Hummel A,et al. A randomized trial of 5 vs. 6 French transradial percutaneous coronary interventions[J]. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2002, 57(2):172-176. [3]Gobeil F, Brück M, Louvard Y, et al. Comparison of 5 French versus 6 French guiding catheters for transradial coronary intervention: a prospective, randomized study[J]. J Invasive Cardiol, 2004, 16(7):353-355. [4]Gwon HC, Doh JH, Choi JH,et al. A 5Fr catheter approach reduces patient discomfort during transradial coronary intervention compared with a 6Fr approach: a prospective randomized study[J]. J Interv Cardiol, 2006, 19(2):141-147. [5]田军, 赵全明, Gille G. 应用5F引导导管经桡动脉行冠状动脉介入治疗[J]. 中华心血管病杂志, 2003, 31(8):578-580. [6]Tian J, Zhao QM, Gille G.Using 5 French guiding catheters trans radial in percutaneous coronary intervention[J]. Chin J Cardiol, 2003, 31(8):578-580. [7]Agostoni P,BiondiZoccai GG,de Benedictis ML,et al.Radial versus femoral approach for percutaneous coronary diagnostic and interventional procedures; Systematic overview and metaanalysis of randomized trials[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2004,44(2):349-356. [8]Allouch M, Zhong YZ, Riddell JW,et al. Transradial coronary rotational atherectomy using 5-French guiding catheters[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2009, 122(11):1356-1358. [9]李金龙,尹鲁骅,王伯松,等. 经桡动脉小管腔指引导管深插行冠状动脉慢性闭塞性病变介入治疗的效果[J]. 齐鲁医学杂志, 2007,22(5):380-385. [10]Li JL, Yin LH, Wang BS,et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention with a small luminal guiding catheter via radial artery for patients with chronic total occlusion[J]. Med J Qilu, 2007,22(5):380-385. [11]Grossman PM, Gurm HS, McNamara R, et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention complications and guide catheter size: Bigger is not better[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv, 2009,2:636-644. [12]Kiemeneij F, Laarman GH, Odekerken D, et al. A randomized comparison of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty by the radial, brachial and femoral approaches: the access study[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1997, 29:1269-1275. [13]Takeshita S, Saito S. Transradial coronary intervention using a novel 5-Fr sheathless guiding catheter[J]. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2009 Apr 27. [Epub ahead of print] |

