抑制素B水平及相关因素与卵巢反应性的探讨
| 抑制素B水平及相关因素与卵巢反应性的探讨 |
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作者:徐括琴,周从容 作者单位:贵阳医学院附院 妇产科生殖中心, 贵州 贵阳 550004 【摘要】 目的: 探讨抑制素B(INHB)水平及相关因素与卵巢反应性的关系,寻求预测卵巢反应性的较好指标。方法: 收集55例首次接受体外受精/单精子卵胞浆内注射受精-胚胎移植术(IVF/ICSIET)治疗的患者,在上次月经周期的第2~4天及降调节后控制性卵巢刺激日分别取血测定INHB、卵泡刺激素(FSH);根据获卵数、注射绒毛膜促性腺激素日雌激素水平、促性腺激素(Gn)用量,将患者分为低反应组、正常反应组、高反应组,比较3组降调节前后INHB及FSH水平、年龄(AGE)、窦卵泡数(antral follicles counts,AFC)、Gn用量、Gn起始剂量,分析卵巢反应性与这些指标的关系。结果: (1)降调节前后的INHB(bINHB、INHBd0)水平、AGE、AFC、Gn用量、Gn起始剂量在3组之间有统计学差异(P<0.05),降调节前后的FSH(bFSH 、FSHd0)水平在3组间无统计学差异(P>0.05);(2)获卵数与降调节前后INHB水平、AGE和AFC无相关性,与降调节前后FSH水平呈负相关,降调节FSH水平较基础FSH水平更具统计学意义。结论: 降调节前后的INHB水平可能不是预测卵巢反应性的较好指标,降调节前后的FSH水平可能能较好的预测卵巢反应性,且降调节后的FSH水平可能较基础FSH水平更具有临床价值。 【关键词】 抑制素类; 胚胎移植; 卵巢功能试验; 年龄因素; 卵泡 An Investigation on Association of Serum Inhibin B Level and Other Relevant Factors with Ovarian Response [Abstract]Objective: To explore the value of serum inhibin B (INHB) levels and other relevant factors in predicting ovarian response in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI~ET) cycles,and so as to find better indicators for ovarian response. Methods: A total of 55 patients undergoing IVF were chosen, and their serum INHB and folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) were detected on day 2~4 of the menstrual cycle and before the first administration of gonadtrophin after the downregulation. The number of retrieved oocytes (NRO) was calculated. According to NRO and the levels of estrogen (E2) on human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration day, and the total gonadotropin (Gn)dosage used, patients were divided into 3 groups: low response, high response, and normal response. The serum levels of INHB, FSH, antral follicles counts (AFC), Gn dosages used, and the initial doses of Gn of these groups before and after the downregulation were determined. The data together with patient's age were analyzed statistically with methods of correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression analysis. Results:(1) There were statistically significant differences of INHB levels, age, AFC, Gn dosages, initial doses of Gn before and after the downregulation among the 3 groups (P<0.05), while no significant difference of FSH level was found(P>0.05); (2) Correlation between NRO and INHB levels, age, AFC, or Gn dosage did not exist, but it was significantly negatively correlated with FSH levels, specially those after downregulation. Conclusions: INHB levels before or after downregulation might not be an ideal index reflecting ovarian responses, while FSH levels can forecast ovarian responses better, specially that after downregulation is more statistically significant. [Key words] inhibins; embryo transfer; ovarian function tests; age factors; ovarian follicle 1 资料与方法 1.1 研究对象 收集2008年5月~12月首次行IVF/ICSIET的患者55例,其中输卵管因素不孕者31例,男性因素不孕者8例,两者兼有者13例,不明原因不孕者3例;原发不孕20例,继发不孕35例。患者平均年龄(30.8±4.32)岁,所有患者IVF前一周期月经第2~4天的bFSH水平为(6.47±1.76)U/L(2.59~10.86 U/L)。纳入标准:月经周期规律(21~35 d)、体重指数正常,为IVF/ICSIET的第1个周期;近3个月未使用任何甾体类激素药物,治疗周期前B超监测提示有排卵。排除标准:排除子宫内膜异位症、高泌乳素血症及多囊卵巢综合症及卵巢手术史,无甲状腺功能异常。 1.2 方法 1.2.1 标本采集 基础激素及卵巢刺激日激素的测定 于IVF/ICSIET治疗前1周期月经周期的第2~4天及卵巢刺激日分别取空腹肘静脉血两份(3~5 ml):一份立即送检卵泡刺激素(Bayer公司ADVIA CENTAUR化学发光仪,全自动化学发光免疫法测定);另一份4 ℃左右静置,12 h内离心15 min(1 000 g/min)收集血清,-20 ℃的冰箱保存待测抑制素B(美国ADL公司酶联免疫吸附法)。 1.2.2 卵巢刺激方案 采用黄体中期达菲林1.2~1.3 mg长方案降调节控制性卵巢刺激,降调节后第10~14天行血清激素测定及B超检查,达到降调节标准[6](双侧卵泡直径≤10 mm, LH<5 U/L, E2<50 ng/L)后开始超促排卵治疗。根据患者的年龄、AFC、FSH水平,决定Gn的起始剂量,用药5 d后再根据卵泡的生长情况调整其剂量,当至少有1个卵泡直径≥18 mm,或2个卵泡直径≥17 mm,或3个卵泡直径≥16 mm时,注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素( hCG) 5 000~10 000 IU ( FSH及hCG均系瑞士Serono公司生产) , 34~36 h后在阴道超声下取卵,3 d后行胚胎移植术,常规应用黄体酮,两周后验尿及血HCG,移植4周后行阴道超声检查见宫内孕囊及胎心搏动确定妊娠。 1.2.3 患者分组 1.2.4 统计学方法 应用SPSS 11.5软件包处理,组间比较用秩和检验、t检验;获卵数与INHB等与临床指标之间的关系应用相关分析及多元逐步回归分析,P<0.05有统计学意义。 2 结果 2.1 临床资料与监测指标 AGE、bINHB、INHBd0及AFC水平,Gn用量及Gn起始剂量在3组之间有统计学差异(P<0.05);bFSH和FSHd0水平,在3组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05),见表1。表1 3组患者的临床资料及监测指标(略)注:用平均秩次表示大小。 2.2 获卵数与bINHB、INHBd0、bFSH、FSHd0、AGE、AFC、Gn用量之间的相关分析 bINHB、INHBd0与获卵数之间均无相关性,获卵数与bFSH、FSHd0之间呈负相关,AGE、AFC、Gn用量与获卵数之间无相关性,见表2。 2.3 获卵数与bFSH、FSHd0的多元逐步回归分析 获卵数与FSHd0的标准化偏回归系数(Beta)为-0.326,P=-0.326;获卵数与bFSH的Beta为-0.288,P=0.024。降调节前后的FSH水平与获卵数呈负相关,且FSHd0具有统计学意义。 3 讨论 3.1 降调节前后的INHB水平对卵巢反应性的预测价值 INHB由中小窦状卵泡分泌,在正常月经周期的早、中卵泡期有一个分泌高峰,对FSH的分泌产生抑制作用。由于INHB由卵巢颗粒细胞直接产生,当其水平不足以维持基础FSH水平在正常范围时,才表现为基础FSH水平的升高。有学者认为,INHB能够比FSH更早、更直接地反映卵巢储备功能及更准确预测IVF~ET结局[1~3]。Thamprisam等[7]将20例在既往IVF周期中表现为卵巢低反应性的患者与40例卵巢正常反应性妇女的INHBd3水平进行比较,未发现显著性差异。本实验结果显示,bINHB、INHBd0在3组之间有统计学差异(P<0.05), bINHB、INHBd0水平与获卵数不具有相关性。因此,降调节前、后的抑制素B水平与卵巢反应性之间可能还不具有相关性,与Thamprisam等[7]观点相一致。为何抑制素B水平在3组不同卵巢反应性的患者之间存在差异,而与获卵数又无相关性的结果,认为是由于此次研究所选对象较年轻,平均年龄(30.8±4.32)岁;或bFSH水平为(6.47±1.76)U/L(2.59~10.86 U/L),在正常范围;或AFC大于5~7个以上,获卵数均大于4个以上;或收集的标本例数较少。这几个方面的原因,造成了所选实验样本的偏性。另外,由于每个患者年龄、bFSH、AFC的不同,每个患者Gn起始剂量的不同,对最终的获卵数也会造成一定的影响,这也是一个重要的原因。 3.2 降调节前后的FSH水平对卵巢反应性的预测价值 3.3 AGE、AFC与卵巢反应性 此次研究提示,降调节前、后的INHB水平尚不能预测卵巢反应性的发生,但仍需加大样本进行研究。降调节前、后的FSH水平是预测卵巢反应性的较好指标,FSHd0较bFSH更具有临床价值。 【参考文献】 [2]Joana P,Juan B,Francisco F,et al.Day 5 inhibin B serum concentrations as predictors of assisted reproductive technology outcome in cycles stimulated with gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonistgonadotrophin treatment[J].Hum Reprod,2000(7):1499-1504. 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